Treatment-Related Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus in Childhood Cancer Survivors—A Case-Cohort Study Within Adult Life After Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS)

Abstract

The aim was to identify treatment-related risk factors for diabetes in 5-year survivors of childhood cancer (CCS). This case-cohort study within Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS) included 140 CCS with diabetes and a subcohort of 390 randomly selected CCS. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between treatment exposures and diabetes. Radiotherapy was the most important risk factor, with increased IRR after total body irradiation (TBI) (9.8, 95% CI = 2.9–33.7), abdominal radiation (4.8, 95% CI = 2.2–10.4), and cranial radiation (4.3, 95% CI = 2.1–8.8). Continued follow-up with regard to diabetes is indicated after TBI, abdominal radiation, and cranial radiation in CCS.