Implementasi Kebijakan District Public Private Mix (DPPM) dalam Penanganan Tuberculosis di Kota Tasikmalaya Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19

Abstract

During this pandemic, reports related to the treatment of Tuberculosis in Tasikmalaya were associated with the public's preference for treatment at private health facilities and the limited availability of Tuberculosis services at public health centers. Built upon these reports, this study aims to provide an overview of the implementation of policies related to the treatment of Tuberculosis in Tasikmalaya during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is qualitative research conducted using in-depth interviews with key informants using interview guidelines that were thematically arranged. Determination of informants in this study using purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were carried out in stages: at the provincial, city, sub-district, and kelurahan levels to obtain an overall picture of TB treatment in the research area. Data were analyzed by using content analysis techniques. The result showed that resource support in the form of budget, facilities, and infrastructure is available but not optimally sufficient for the TB treatment program, while HR is also still experiencing shortages due to the division of tasks for COVID-19. In addition, the increase in human resource capacity cannot be carried out due to a ban on offline activities during the pandemic. Cooperation between government and private health facilities has been initiated, including the formation of DOTS in private health facilities (clinics, private hospitals), although only a small part. Development activities (monitoring and evaluation) related to DPPM network services have not been carried out optimally, this is because there is no activity plan for each team within the organization. This study concludes that efforts to treat Tuberculosis in Tasikmalaya during the COVID-19 pandemic are still ongoing, but in optimally functioned.Pada masa pandemi ini, laporan terkait penanganan penyakit Tuberkulosis di kota Tasikmalaya banyak dikaitkan dengan preferensi masyarakat untuk berobat ke fasilitas kesehatan swasta dan terbatasnya pelayanan penyakit Tuberkulosis di pusat kesehatan masyarakat. Berdasarkan laporan-laporan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran implementasi kebijakan terkait penanganan Tuberkulosis di Kota Tasikmalaya pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan menggunakan wawancara mendalam terhadap informan kunci (key informant) menggunakan pedoman wawancara yang disusun berdasarkan tematik. Penentuan informan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan cara purposive sampling. Indepth interview dilakukan secara bertahap yaitu tingkat provinsi, kota, kecamatan dan kelurahan untuk memperoleh gambaran keseluruhan upaya penanganan TB di wilayah penelitian. Analisa data menggunakan teknik analisa isi yang disajikan secara deskriptif. Dukungan sumber daya berupa anggaran, sarana dan prasarana tersedia namun belum optimal mencukupi untuk program penanganan TB, sedangkan SDM juga masih mengalami kekurangan karena terbagi tugas untuk COVID-19. Selain itu, peningkatan kapasitas SDM belum dapat dilaksanakan karena adanya larangan kegiatan offline selama pandemi. Kerjasama antar faskes pemerintah dan swasta telah dirintis, di antaranya adalah terbentuknya poli DOTS di faskes swasta (klinik, RS swasta), walaupun hanya sebagian kecil. Kegiatan pembinaan (monitoring dan evaluasi) terkait layanan jejaring DPPM belum dilakukan secara optimal, hal ini dikarenakan belum adanya rencana kegiatan pada masing-masing tim dalam wadah organisasi tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa upaya penanganan Tuberkulosis di Kota Tasikmalaya selama masa pandemi COVID-19 masih tetap berjalan, namun tidak optimal.