Human papilloma viruses: Realities and perspectives

Abstract

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted viruses in the world. HPVs are responsible for a large spectrum of diseases, both benign and malignant. The use of the molecular virology methods to establish HPV infection and prospective epidemiologic studies have convincingly demonstrated that certain types of HPV are etiologically involved in the development of cervical cancer. Therefore, it is important to understand the natural history of HPV infection, the molecular mechanisms of viral regulation, the factors that may influence viral spread, persistence and/or progression to neoplasia. This review brings together some molecular aspects of HPV as well as the status of the specific viral diagnosis, treatment and prevention of HPV infection. Currently, many studies focus on the HPV life cycle and intimate pathogenic mechanism(s) of HPV- produced diseases. Nevertheless, prospective studies are needed to gain more relevant knowledge, which can be used to combat the infection more effectively. At the same time, the advent of modern molecular techniques has led to rapid advances in the HPV diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. © 2007 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.