Correction to: Association between urate-lowering therapy and cardiovascular events in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia (Clinical Rheumatology, (2023), 42, 11, (3075-3082), 10.1007/s10067-023-06710-9)

Abstract

In the original published version of this article, the Tables 1, 2, 3, 4 should be corrected. In Table 1, the total number of subjects after weighting was incorrect. Although the data from all subjects (5270 in the ULT group and 146896 in the Control group) was used, the mathematically correct number of subjects after weighting was 4472 for both groups. In Tables 2, 3, 4, the units of incidence rate were not stated and we have added the units "Weighted incidence rate per 1000 person-years". The corrected tables are shown as follows: Baseline characteristics of each group before and after overlap weighting Crude After overlap weighting ULT Group (n = 5,270) Control Group (n = 146,896) SDif ULT Group (n = 4,472) Control Group (n = 4,472) SDif Sex (%) 80 (1.5) 5755 (3.9) 0.15 76 (1.7) 76 (1.7) 0.00 Age, mean (SD), y 47.7 (9.3) 41.9 (9.9) 0.61 47.2 (9.3) 47.2 (9.5) 0.00 BMI, mean (SD) 26.0 (4.1) 24.8 (3.8) 0.32 25.9 (4.0) 25.9 (4.2) 0.00 Systolic BP, mean (SD), mmHg 128.7 (15.9) 123.5 (15.0) 0.33 128.3 (15.8) 128.3 (16.2) 0.00 Diastolic BP, mean (SD), mmHg 82.1 (11.7) 77.2 (11.5) 0.42 81.7 (11.7) 81.7 (12.0) 0.00 Laboratory Data, mean (SD) Baseline uric acid, mg/dL 8.1 (1.0) 7.5 (0.8) 0.62 8.0 (0.9) 8.0 (3.3) 0.00 LDL, mg/dL 129.6 (33.3) 129.8 (33.0) 0.00 130.1 (33.5) 130.1 (32.9) 0.00 HDL, mg/dL 55.6 (15.2) 56.5 (14.7) 0.06 55.7 (15.3) 55.7 (15.1) 0.00 TG, mg/dL 176.8 (144.2) 142.3 (112.5) 0.27 172.2 (132.7) 172.2 (158.3) 0.00 HbA1c, % 5.6 (0.7) 5.5 (0.5) 0.28 5.6 (0.7) 5.6 (0.6) 0.00 eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 71.0 (15.1) 78.4 (13.7) 0.51 71.9 (14.9) 71.9 (12.9) 0.00 Comorbidity (%) Liver disease 1229 (23.3) 15919 (10.8) 0.34 964 (21.5) 964 (21.5) 0.00 Hepatitis 276 (5.2) 3143 (2.1) 0.16 216 (4.8) 216 (4.8) 0.00 Dementia 1 (0.0) 25 (0.0) 0.00 1 (0.0) 1 (0.0) 0.00 Arthritis 1277 (24.2) 5504 (3.7) 0.62 858 (19.2) 858 (19.2) 0.00 Fatigue 24 (0.5) 917 (0.6) 0.02 22 (0.5) 22 (0.5) 0.00 Gait abnormality 1 (0.0) 50 (0.0) 0.01 1 (0.0) 1 (0.0) 0.00 Depression 218 (4.1) 6079 (4.1) 0.00 189 (4.2) 189 (4.2) 0.00 Sleep apnea 167 (3.2) 2562 (1.7) 0.09 133 (3.0) 133 (3.0) 0.00 COPD 22 (0.4) 636 (0.4) 0.00 20 (0.4) 20 (0.4) 0.00 Schizophrenia 43 (0.8) 933 (0.6) 0.02 37 (0.8) 37 (0.8) 0.00 Substance abuse 37 (0.7) 1785 (1.2) 0.05 34 (0.8) 34 (0.8) 0.00 Medication (%) Polypharmacy 527 (10.0) 9227 (6.3) 0.14 393 (8.8) 393 (8.8) 0.00 Statin 583 (11.1) 2892 (2.0) 0.38 420 (9.4) 420 (9.4) 0.00 Fibrate 237 (4.5) 538 (0.4) 0.27 141 (3.2) 141 (3.2) 0.00 Ezetimibe 65 (1.2) 240 (0.2) 0.13 43 (1.0) 43 (1.0) 0.00 Other lipid-lowering drug 17 (0.3) 111 (0.1) 0.06 12 (0.3) 12 (0.3) 0.00 α-blocker 41 (0.8) 183 (0.1) 0.10 27 (0.6) 27 (0.6) 0.00 β-blocker 140 (2.7) 806 (0.5) 0.17 100 (2.2) 100 (2.2) 0.00 Calcium channel blocker 619 (11.7) 3679 (2.5) 0.36 452 (10.1) 452 (10.1) 0.00 RAS inhibitor 957 (18.2) 5269 (3.6) 0.48 693 (15.5) 693 (15.5) 0.00 Insulin 21 (0.4) 163 (0.1) 0.06 15 (0.3) 15 (0.3) 0.00 Biguanide 94 (1.8) 883 (0.6) 0.11 75 (1.7) 75 (1.7) 0.00 Sulfonylurea 50 (0.9) 430 (0.3) 0.08 38 (0.8) 38 (0.8) 0.00 α-glucosidase inhibitor 38 (0.7) 257 (0.2) 0.08 26 (0.6) 26 (0.6) 0.00 DPP4 inhibitor 151 (2.9) 1095 (0.7) 0.16 110 (2.5) 110 (2.5) 0.00 GLP1 agonist 11 (0.2) 46 (0.0) 0.05 8 (0.2) 8 (0.2) 0.00 SGLT2 inhibitor 43 (0.8) 308 (0.2) 0.09 33 (0.7) 33 (0.7) 0.00 Other antidiabetes drug 8 (0.2) 19 (0.0) 0.05 4 (0.1) 4 (0.1) 0.00 BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DPP4 dipeptidyl peptide-4, GLP1 glucagon-like peptide-1, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, RAS renin-angiotensin system, SD standard deviation, SDif standardized difference, SGLT2 sodium glucose transporter, TG triglyceride Association between ULT and cardiovascular events after overlap weighting in intention-to-treat analysis with complete cases Weighted incidence rate per 1000 person-years HR (95% CI) P value ULT Group Control Group CVD composite 24.2 24.1 1.01 (0.89 to 1.13) 0.93 Coronary artery disease 8.4 9.1 0.92 (0.76 to 1.12) 0.42 Stroke 15.0 14.6 1.03 (0.89 to 1.20) 0.67 Atrial fibrillation 2.7 2.9 0.95 (0.68 to 1.33) 0.75 All-cause mortality 0.6 0.6 0.96 (0.47 to 1.96) 0.92 CVD cardiovascular disease, HR hazard ratio, ULT urate-lowering therapy Sensitivity analysis with various sUA cutoff points on index date and on follow-up date Weighted incidence rate per 1000 person-years HR (95% CI) P value ULT Group Control Group Serum UA before ULT (on index date) < 8.0 25.0 25.5 0.98 (0.84 to 1.15) 0.80 8.0 ≤, < 9.0 22.5 24.1 0.94 (0.75 to 1.18) 0.58 9.0 ≤ 24.7 20.3 1.22 (0.90 to 1.64) 0.20 Serum UA after ULT (on follow-up date) Cutoff 6.0 ≤ 6.0 28.1 25.2 1.11 (0.88 to 1.39) 0.38 > 6.0 23.6 24.2 0.98 (0.86 to 1.12) 0.77 Cutoff 7.0 ≤ 7.0 24.8 25.2 0.98 (0.83 to 1.14) 0.77 > 7.0 24.1 23.8 1.01 (0.86 to 1.19) 0.90 Cutoff 8.0 ≤ 8.0 23.8 24.8 0.96 (0.84 to 1.09) 0.53 > 8.0 26.1 22.4 1.17 (0.92 to 1.49) 0.20 HR, hazard ratio; UA, uric acid; ULT, urate-lowering therapy Subgroup analysis investigating the interaction between ULT and other variables on the primary outcome Weighted incidence rate per 1000 person-years HR (95% CI) P value ULT Group Control Group Sex Male 24.2 24.0 1.01 (0.89 to 1.13) 0.92 Female 27.9 25.6 1.09 (0.44 to 2.70) 0.86 Age < 40 13.6 15.5 0.89 (0.63 to 1.26) 0.51 ≥ 40, < 60 26.4 24.7 1.07 (0.94 to 1.22) 0.33 ≥ 60 32.0 46.5 0.69 (0.45 to 1.06) 0.09 DM DM (+) 38.6 32.0 1.21 (0.83 to 1.75) 0.32 DM (-) 23.2 23.5 0.99 (0.87 to 1.12) 0.83 CKD CKD (+) 32.7 30.6 1.06 (0.82 to 1.38) 0.65 CKD (-) 22.6 22.7 1.00 (0.87 to 1.14) 0.96 HT HT (+) 29.3 29.2 0.99 (0.84 to 1.18) 0.94 HT (-) 23.2 23.5 0.99 (0.87 to 1.12) 0.83 Type of ULT Allopurinol 24.7 26.0 0.94 (0.78 to 1.14) 0.54 Febuxostat 24.0 23.9 1.01 (0.83 to 1.22) 0.95 Topiroxostat 45.3 23.2 1.89 (1.18 to 3.03) 0.01 Benzbromarone 28.5 24.9 1.12 (0.82 to 1.53) 0.49 CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HR, hazard ratio; HT, hypertension; ULT, urate-lowering therapy The original article has been corrected.