Technological and chemical aspects of storage and complex processing of industrial hemp seeds

Abstract

Introduction. The work's aim is theoretical and experimental studies of the aspects of industrial hemp seeds' storage technology, as well as the composition and quality of their processed products. Materials and methods. Research materials are the seeds of industrial hemp of the Hliana variety, press oil, and hemp kernel. To study industrial hemp seeds' composition and quality during long-Term storage (12 months), we prepared 12 polypropylene containers filled with the original hemp seeds after their initial processing. Results and discussion. It was found that the moisture content in the seeds was 8.2 10.0%; seed purity was 97.5 99.8%; oil content was 31.9 34.3%; the weight of 1000 seeds was 17.7 19.2 g; bulk density of sources was 503,8 530 g/l. The reduction of the seeds' oil content in the second half of the shelf life was found. The yield of pressurized filtered oil increased at the end of the shelf life. The increase of the oil acid value during the seeds' entire shelf life (0.91 1.46 mg KOH/g) was detected. The peroxide value in the first half of the shelf life of hemp seeds did not exceed 5 O mmol/kg, and in the second half, it increased to 10 O mmol/kg. The primary unsaturated fatty acids in the studied hemp oil are oleic (14.9 19.4%), linoleic (53.4 56.6%), -linolenic (11.3 16.2%). The ratio of essential acids -6 and -3 in the studied oil samples is close to ideal 3.4:1 5.0:1. The yield of press cake was 67.1 70.0% at the humidity of 6.6 9.0% and at the oil content of 9.5 12.3%. The filter sludge result was 4.6 8.6% at 4.4 16.8% moisture and 49.2 64.4% oil content. The hemp kernel yield was 33.2 41.4%; content in hemp kernel: moisture 6.9 7.8%, impurities 0.01 0.04%. It was established that the oil content in the hemp kernel obtained from the seeds of the Ukrainian selection of the Hliana variety increased by 5.9 8.5% in comparison with the control. Conclusions. The expediency of using the industrial hemp seeds of the Hliana variety for analytical processing at standardization of storage conditions within a year is proved.