Fetomaternal outcome in patients with early preterm labour following administration of magnesium sulphate - a hospital based prospective study

Abstract

Background: The disability known as cerebral palsy (CP) is more common in individuals who are preterm and have low birth weights (LBW). Numerous research indicate that providing magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) to expectant moms can enhance the neurodevelopmental result of their offspring. to evaluate magnesium sulfate's neuroprotective efficacy in cases of early preterm labor (28–32 weeks). The purpose of this study is to evaluate any negative effects magnesium sulfate may have on the mother or fetus. Methods: This hospital based prospective observational study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar from January 2021 to December 2021. At the beginning, 72 expectant mothers who had planned preterm births at 28 to 32 weeks of gestation because of maternal or fetal indications were chosen. Of the 37 women who got MgSO4, two were unable to be contacted for more information. Thus, 35 women in the study group (Group A) who received MgSO4 and 35 women in the control group (Group B) who did not received MgSO4 participated in the study. Both groups received corticosteroids. Results: Compared to the MgSO4 group (3/35, 8.6%), the non-MgSO4 group had a substantially higher number of newborns that had IVH (5/35, 14.3%) (p Value = 0.452). In this study, compared to 2 (5.7%) in the MgSO4 group, 3 (8.6%) ELBW newborns in the non-MgSO4 group experienced IVH. One VLBW baby (2.9%) in the MgSO4 group and two (5.7%) in the non-MgSO4 group suffered IVH. 20% (7/35) of the newborns in the non-MgSO4 group who were between 28 and 30 weeks gestational age needed to be intubated, whereas only 4.4% (4/35) of the infants in the MgSO4 group needed to be. In the non-MgSO4 group, 5.7% (2/35) of the babies between 30 and 32 weeks needed intubation, whereas 14.3% (5/35) of the kids in the MgSO4 group needed it. (0.017 is the p-value). In the non-MgSO4 group, 5.7% (2/35) of babies born between 30 and 32 weeks gestation exhibited delayed milestones; in the MgSO4 group, no baby displayed any delayed milestones. Conclusion: Prenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) seems to reduce the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage, the need for ongoing respiratory assistance, and invasive mechanical ventilation. The effects of antenatal magnesium SO4 are comparable for a variety of preterm gestational ages.