SPT-CL J0205-5829: A z = 1.32 Evolved massive galaxy cluster in the south pole telescope sunyaev-zel'dovich effect survey

Abstract

The galaxy cluster SPT-CL J0205-5829 currently has the highest spectroscopically confirmed redshift, z = 1.322, in the South Pole Telescope Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SPT-SZ) survey. XMM-Newton observations measure a core-excluded temperature of TX = 8.7+1.0-0.8 keV producing a mass estimate that is consistent with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich- derived mass. The combined SZ and X-ray mass estimate of M 500 = (4.8 ± 0.8) × 1014 h -170 M makes it the most massive known SZ-selected galaxy cluster at z > 1.2 and the second most massive at z > 1. Using optical and infrared observations, we find that the brightest galaxies in SPT-CL J0205-5829 are already well evolved by the time the universe was <5 Gyr old, with stellar population ages ≳3 Gyr, and low rates of star formation (<0.5 M yr-1). We find that, despite the high redshift and mass, the existence of SPT-CL J0205-5829 is not surprising given a flat ΛCDM cosmology with Gaussian initial perturbations. The a priori chance of finding a cluster of similar rarity (or rarer) in a survey the size of the 2500 deg2 SPT-SZ survey is 69%. © 2013. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved..