Adipose Tissue, at the Core of the Action of Incretin and Glucagon-Based Anti-Obesity Drugs

Abstract

Purpose of the Review: This review summarizes recent evidence highlighting the specific role of adipose tissue in the systemic effects of incretin agonist-based drugs used in the treatment of obesity. Recent Findings: The development of incretin agonist-based drugs has achieved unprecedented success in the pharmacological treatment of obesity and the improvement of obesity-related comorbidities. While initially shown to significantly reduce adipose tissue through decreased food intake, incretin-based therapy is also increasingly reported to alter the properties of adipose tissue. Recent experimental and human studies indicate that these anti-obesity drugs induce significant changes in the metabolism and inflammatory state of adipose tissue, while also promoting its thermogenic plasticity. Summary: The direct and indirect actions of incretin-based anti-obesity drugs, which modify the properties of adipose tissue, are emerging as key contributors to the systemic health benefits of these treatments.