A Comparison between Piezoelectric Devices and Conventional Rotary Instruments in Bone Harvesting in Patients with Lip and Palate Cleft: A Retrospective Study with Clinical, Radiographical, and Histological Evaluation

Abstract

Introduction. Orofacial clefts are congenital malformations characterized by an incomplete shaping of structures that separate the nasal from the oral cavity and can affect the right, left, or both sides. The aim of the present study is to assess, with clinical, radiographical, and histological evaluations, the efficacy of piezoelectric devices compared to traditional rotating instruments in the bone harvesting in patients with history of cleft. Materials and Methods. We have conducted a retrospective analysis on 20 patients with a history of orofacial clefts that were operated on from February 2014 to June 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: Group R in which bone graft was harvested using a burr and Group P in which the bone graft was obtained by a piezoelectric device. After a healing period of 8 months from the grafting procedure, clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed. Results and Discussion. The use of the piezoelectric devices in bone harvesting allows a slight improvement in the final volume. This supports a faster integration into the receiving site. Conclusions. The use of piezoelectric device in patients with history of orofacial cleft that needed bone graft represents a method to be taken into consideration because it has interesting advantages.