FRAILTY STATUS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG INDONESIAN ELDERLY PEOPLE

Abstract

Frailty puts the elderly in risk of getting adverse health outcomes. Genetic factors, aging, life style, and commorbidities are important risk factors of frailty. It is important to know other related risk factors of frailty in elderly, especially in outpatient setting in order to prevent incidence of frailty. Unfortunately, study about frailty among elderly population in Indonesia is limited. The aim of this study is to obtain prevalence of frailty status and its associated factors among Indonesian elderly population. This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted at Geriatric Clinic of several hospitals in Indonesia (Jakarta, Malang, Surabaya, Bali, and Bandung) among 448 elderly patients aged 60 years old and above. Frailty was diagnosed using questionnaire of Frailty Index-40 item. Data on social demographic, functional status (ADL Barthel index), nutritional status (MNA questionnaire), and polypharmacy of each subject were collected. Logistic regression was used to obtain factors associated with frailty status. Frailty status of subjects were 13.2% robust, 61.6% pre-frail, and 25.2% frail. Bivariat analysis showed that age (OR 2.83; 95% CI 1.69 – 4.73), nutritional status (4.55; 95% CI 2.88–7.20), functional status (OR 3.97; 95% CI 2.54–6.20), and polypharmacy (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.05–3.15) were associated with frailty status. Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.58 – 4.76), functional status (OR 2.89; 95% CI 1.79–4.67), and nutritional status (OR 3.75; 95% CI 2.29–6.13) were asociated factors of frailty status. The conclusion of this study is that the factors associated with frailty status were age, functional status, and nutritional status.