NEW DESIGN APPROACH FOR DRAINS COVERINGS

Abstract

Drain covering is the most widely used option to try to mitigate the environmental problems that arise around the drains. The main problems which lead to a perceived need to cover a drain are: to minimize the adverse impact of a polluted drain, especially close to residential areas; need to use the land area occupied by the drain for an access road or some other use and poor soil stability leading to bank failure. The drain covering cross section can take several forms such as box section (square or rectangular) or concrete pipes. In this paper a new approach is suggested for covering. This approach is constructing as a bridge which consists of two abutments from brick on plain concrete footing and reinforced concrete slab. There are holes at certain distance to carry out maintenance works. Its parts are designed according to different live load cases and for spans 1-5m. Design curves are designed for the new approach of covering in Egypt area. Design curves include design of each part of the new approach. This approach is applied for a drain which is covered as a pipe type and another drain which is covered as box type. The hydraulic and economic study is done for this approach. Head losses are calculated for pipe, box types and for the new approach. It is found that the head losses for the new approach is less than pipe type by 98% and less than box type by97.8%. The cost of pipe, box types and for the new approach is calculated. It is found that the cost of the new approach is more than pipe type by49% and more than box type by 27%.