Psycho Ophthalmology: The Interface Between Psychiatry and Ophthalmology

Abstract

Background: Psycho-ophthalmology is an interdisciplinary field examining the connections between psychiatric and ocular health. This study investigates the prevalence of ocular symptoms in psychiatric patients, ocular side effects from psychotropic medications, and the psychological impact of chronic eye conditions. Methods: A sample of 100 patients with coexisting psychiatric and ophthalmologic conditions was studied over one year at ESIC Medical College & Hospital, Bihta, Patna. Data collection included psychiatric evaluations, ophthalmologic examinations, and medication reviews. Results: Seventy percent of patients with depression and 60% with anxiety experienced ophthalmologic symptoms, primarily dry eye and blurred vision. Fifty percent of patients on antipsychotics reported side effects, including increased intraocular pressure. Patients with age-related macular degeneration (80%) and diabetic retinopathy (70%) had significant psychological impacts, reporting high levels of depression and anxiety. Conclusion: Findings support a strong bidirectional relationship between mental and visual health, underscoring the need for integrated care. Patients with psychiatric conditions and chronic ocular diseases benefit from interdisciplinary approaches, enhancing outcomes and quality of life. Keywords: Psycho-ophthalmology, psychiatry, ophthalmology, interdisciplinary care