An overview of vaccine production against shrimp White Spot Syndrome Virus, effects and the possible impact of this technology in Ecuador

Abstract

Although aquaculture in Ecuador has a high economic and socio-cultural importance, pathogenic microorganisms affect the development and vitality of crustaceans, fish, and mollusks, reducing their production yields. Among these pathogens, White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is an invertebrate virus that induces high mortality, generating severe economic losses due to its wide geographical distribution and high infection rate finding the most significant devastation worldwide in the shrimp sector. Although several strategies are described to fight against WSSV, this study points to an updated overview of vaccines used against this virus, including types, effects and large-scale production ways. Thus, this research supplies an analysis of possible treatments based on vaccination to combat the WSSV caused-disease that significantly impacts the aquaculture economy and could be helpful to those working in this field.