Agricultural Application of Nanotechnology in Plant Growth and Protection: A Review

Abstract

Nanotechnology is an emerging technology with huge potential for application in various fields such as solar, electronics, optics, and pharmaceuticals. Recent progress in the manufacturing domain has resulted in the development of nanomaterials of different sizes and shapes. Such advances in technology pave the way for the innovation of unique products in the field of engineered materials. In the past, food processing, medicine, environmental science, and various other fields have demonstrated nanomaterials' safe and successful use. In recent times, notable research has been carried out to improve agricultural yield through innovative and sustainable approaches. The considerate modification of matter on a scale of 1 to 100 nanometers provides a better alternative than conventional agriculture approaches. Nanotechnology uses chemical agents and novel delivery techniques to increase crop productivity and decrease bulk agrochemicals' use. Preliminary studies reveal the potential role of nanomaterials in improving the germination and growth of seeds, protecting plants, and detecting pathogens and pesticide/herbicide residues. The present review summarizes the applications of nanomaterials in the field of agriculture and their importance in innovative yet sustainable agriculture.