Nasopharyngeal cancer: an update on diagnosis and treatment

  • COBANOGLU B
  • ARSLAN S
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Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has distinct epidemiological and histological features among head and neck cancers.Clinical signs in patients with NPC change according to the tumor size and the status of lymph node metastases.Tumor can expand anteriorly to nasal cavity, pterygoid fossa or maxillary sinus, laterally to parapharyngeal spaceand infratemporal fossa, or posterosuperiorly to cranial base, clivus and intracranial structures. Radiotherapy is theprimary treatment in NPC. In tertiary centers, intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is the preferred radiotherapymodule. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment of locally advanced NPC. Standard regimenincludes radiation to 70 Gy to the gross tumor in daily fractions of 2 Gy and additional chemotherapy which includes100 mg/m2 of cisplatin every 3 weeks or 30-40 mg/m2 once a week.In this article, updated staging in American Joint Committe on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition guidelines, diagnosticmethods and treatment modalities in NPC are reviewed and presented in the light of current literature.Nazofarengeal karsinom (NPC), baş boyun kanserleri arasında belirgin epidemiyolojik ve histolojik özelliklere sahiptir.Hastalarda klinik bulgular, tümör boyutuna ve lenf nodu metastazlarının durumuna göre değişir. Tümöranteriordan burun boşluğuna, pterygoid fossa veya maksiller sinüse, lateral olarak parafarengeal boşluğa ve infratemporalfossaya ya da posterosuperiordan kraniyal baz, klivus ve intrakraniyal yapılara yayılabilir. Radyoterapi, primertedavidir. İleri merkezlerde yoğunluk modülasyonlu radyoterapi (IMRT) tercih edilen radyoterapi modülüdür. Eşzamanlı kemoradyoterapi lokal ileri hastalığın standart tedavisidir. Standart rejim, 2 Gy günlük fraksiyonlarda brüttümöre 70 Gy radyasyon ve üç haftada bir 100 mg/m2 veya haftada bir 30-40 mg/m2 cisplatin içeren kemoterapinineklenmesidir.Bu makalede, American Joint Committe on Cancer (AJCC) 8. baskı kılavuzlarındaki güncellenmiş evreleme, NPC’dekitanı yöntemleri ve tedavi yöntemleri literatür ışığında gözden geçirilmiş ve sunulmuştur.

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APA

COBANOGLU, B., & ARSLAN, S. (2019). Nasopharyngeal cancer: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Mucosa, 2(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.33204/mucosa.540845

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