Efficacy of using an intravenous catheter to repair damaged expansion lines of endotracheal tubes and laryngeal masks

Abstract

Background: In perioperative care or intensive care units, the expansion lines of endotracheal tubes (ETTs) or laryngeal mask airways (LMAs) may be accidentally cut off during medical procedures. We designed a simple method for repairing damaged ETT and LMA expansion lines. Methods: In this in vitro study, ETT (n = 20) or LMA (n = 20) models were each categorized into experimental (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. In the experimental groups, the expansion lines were cut in the middle, and a 22G intravenous catheter was inserted into the broken end of each expansion line. The time taken to repair the expansion lines was recorded in both experimental groups. The repaired expansion lines in both groups were tested for visible underwater air leakage with cuffs under high pressure (120 cm H2O). After 15 h, the cuff pressure and tensile strength of the expansion lines were measured. Results: The overall time required to repair the expansion line was 27.8 ± 1.5 s in the ETT group and 20.4 ± 1.1 s in the LMA group. When the cuff pressure was increased to 120 cmH2O, no air leakage was observed in the experimental LMA and ETT groups. The mean difference in the cuff pressures of the control and experimental groups was insignificant for both, ETT (9.50 ± 1.29 vs. 9.50 ± 1.08 cmH2O, 95% CI = − 1.11 to 1.11 cmH2O, P = 1.00) and LMA (34.1 ± 1.10 cmH2O vs. 34.5 ± 0.97 cmH2O, 95% CI = − 0.57 to 1.37 cmH2O, P = 0.40) groups, The tensile strength and the force required to pull apart the expansion lines in the experimental groups were lower than those in the control groups for ETTs (3.32 ± 0.37 N vs. 35.03 ± 4.47 N, 95% CI = − 34.69 to − 28.72 N, P < 0.0001) and LMAs (36.55 ± 2.20 N vs. 26.18 ± 1.67 N, 95% CI = − 12.21 to − 8.53 N, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: An intravenous catheter can be directly inserted into the damaged ETT or LMA expansion lines; it is a simple, rapid, and effective repair method.