The Indicators of Potential Presuppositions in Malala’s Speeches as the Nobel Peace Laureate

Abstract

Presupposition means that people have their own beliefs before communicating with others (Yule, 1996). He defined the types of presuppositions into six; existential, factive, lexical, structural, counterfactual, and non-factive presuppositions. The study examined the existence of the indicators of potential presuppositions in Malala’s speeches after winning the Nobel and its relation toward the educational field. This study employed a qualitative approach. Four of Malala’s speeches were the data. The researcher used an instrument based on the theory of the indicators of potential presuppositions proposed by Yule (1996). As a result, the researcher found 34 potential presuppositions in Malala’s four speeches; 14 existential, six factual, four lexical, six structural, two non-factive, and two potential counterfactual presuppositions. Being aware of presuppositions will help both students and teachers be good communicators and create a communicative and effective teaching-learning process to achieve the goal. Theoretically, it expounds on the potential presupposition indicators as one of the linguistic expressions by considering the users of those forms in a communication. Pedagogically, it may contribute to the enrichment of educational material. Practically, it could give more ideas and references for further researchers.