Combining aortic arch dissection stent implantation and root surgery for aortic dissection type A

Abstract

Background: Acute aortic dissection type A (AADA) is associated with high perioperative morbidity and mortality. A novel non-covered hybrid prosthesis (AMDS, CryoLife, Kennesaw, USA) can be easily implanted to stabilize the true lumen. However, the role of AMDS for patients requiring additional aortic root surgery has not been described. Methods: Between 2010 and 2020 a total of n = 370 patients underwent surgery for AADA in our department. Of those, n = 120 underwent treatment for aortic root in addition to proximal arch replacement without resection of the aorta beyond the innominate artery (Control, n = 111) and were compared to patients who received additional AMDS implantation (AMDS, n = 9). Results: Aortic valve repair was performed in 48.6% (Control) and in 55.6% of AMDS patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass (Control: 248 ± 76 min, AMDS: 313 ± 53 min, P < 0.01) time as well as circulatory arrest time of the lower body (Control: 30 ± 15 min, AMDS: 52 ± 12 min, P < 0.01) was prolonged in the AMDS group. Nevertheless, postoperative in-hospital morbidity such as dialysis (Control: 22.4%, AMDS: 11.1%, P = 0.68) and stroke (Control: 17.0%, AMDS: 22.2%, P = 0.65) were comparable. In-hospital death (Control: 21.8%, AMDS: 11.1%, P = 0.68) and the compound end-point MACCE (Control: 38.7%, AMDS: 44.4%, P = 0.74) did also not differ. Conclusions: Addressing the arch by implantation of AMDS prolongs cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest time, however without relevant impairments of short-term outcome. Combining root surgery with replacement of the proximal aortic arch and AMDS implantation seems feasible and safe as it did not impair the early postoperative outcome.