Prognostic impact of sarcopenia in patients with biliary tract cancer undergoing chemotherapy

Abstract

Aim: Sarcopenia affects the treatment of various cancer types but its impact on chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis in biliary tract cancer remains unclear. Thus, we evaluated whether sarcopenia independently affects the outcome of chemotherapy for biliary tract cancer. Patients and Methods: Data of 50 patients who underwent chemotherapy for biliary tract cancer at two affiliated centres were retrospectively analysed. The association of clinical factors, including sarcopenia, with overall survival and time to treatment failure was analysed. Results: Sarcopenia was an independent factor negatively influencing overall survival and time to treatment failure in univariate and multivariate analyses (median overall survival, sarcopenic vs. non-sarcopenic patients: 10.6 vs. 16.6 months; hazard ratio=2.19, p=0.018; time to treatment failure: 5.3 vs. 13.1 months, hazard ratio=2.50, p=0.019). Conclusion: Sarcopenia may affect the efficacy of chemotherapy and prognosis in biliary tract cancer. Thus, improving sarcopenia may improve the prognosis of patients with biliary tract cancer undergoing chemotherapy.