A Cleft-Customized Occlusal Rating System to Assess Orthodontic Occlusal Improvement in Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to develop a new method to quantify occlusal improvement in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) who had undergone orthodontic treatment and to evaluate its reproducibility. Design: A panel of orthodontists decided on the relevance of different occlusal features to score initial and final 3-dimensional study models and panoramic radiographs. A subsequent subjective analysis was later performed by a local orthodontic panel. Setting: The sample was obtained from the orthodontic clinical archives of a hospital known for the treatment of patients with craniofacial differences. Patients: Thirty-one nonsyndromic patients, 17 males and 14 females, were randomly selected according to preestablished inclusion/exclusion criteria. Interventions: The records corresponded to the period during which the patients were treated with conventional multibracket mechanics and adjunctive restorative procedures. Main Outcome/Measures: The intraclass correlation coefficient measured intraexaminer and interexaminer agreements. The Spearman correlation test assessed the relationship between the local orthodontic panel perception and the improvement scores. Results: Inter- and intra-rater ICCs varied between fair/good to excellent. There was a strong correlation between the Cleft-Customized Occlusal Rating system classification of occlusal improvement and the local orthodontic panel’s perception, thereby enabling the utilization of the interpretation scale by the panel. Conclusions: The method showed to be a useful tool in quantifying and classifying occlusal improvement in this specific population. As any other method, some limitations apply and need to be accounted for.