Research on the Failure Mechanism and Treatment Technology of Landslides in Typical Accumulation Bodies Along Highways in Qinghai Province

Abstract

Landslides on the Jiaxi Highway in Qinghai Province threaten construction safety and quality. The on-site data analysis shows that excavation at the foot of the slope and heavy rainfall are the key factors causing the displacement of the Q1 monitoring point by 1825 mm. This article uses numerical simulation methods combined with the strength reduction method to study the stability changes of slopes under different working conditions. Numerical simulations identified the landslide location and predicted a 1960 mm slip and a safety factor of 1.26 under natural conditions, indicating risks. The study adopted a strategy combining slope cutting, load reduction, and sheet pile wall reinforcement. After the first treatment, the safety factor rose to 1.83 with a 40 mm displacement; after the second, it reached 2.36 with a 37 mm displacement. Continuous monitoring showed a 50 mm displacement over six months, indicating stability. Rainfall simulations before and after treatment explained the stability evolution and local slope stability. Treatments increased the safety factor to 2.16 with a 17.6 mm displacement. This study significantly improved highway landslide stability and verified treatment effectiveness, providing a reference for similar geological conditions.