EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN JERUK PURUT (Citrus hystrix D.C) MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Bacillus cereus: UJI IN VITRO

Abstract

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are infections that occur in patients when they receive hospital treatment for more than 48 hours. Most HAIs are caused by bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. One of the causes is Bacillus cereus. B. cereus has two types of toxins that can cause gastrointestinal symptoms. In immunocompromised persons, B. cereus can cause several fatal systemic and local infections. One of the efforts to reduce bacterial resistance is by reducing the irrational use of antibiotics using herbal medicine as an alternative. Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix D.C) leaves contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, quinones, and terpenoids which are proven to have antimicrobial effects. This in vitro study is aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of kaffir lime leaves against B. cereus. In this study, 7 different treatments were used with the concentrations of 3.125%; 6.25%; 12.5%; 25%; 50%; 100%; 0% as negative control, and 10 mg/mL of chloramphenicol as positive control. It was repeated four times using the well diffusion method. The results showed that the average diameter of inhibition zone was formed at a concentration of 6.25%; 12.5%; 25%; 50%; 100%, consecutively: 5.93 mm; 7.05 mm; 8.23 mm; 10.41 mm; 12.00 mm. Post hoc Tukey HSD test showed that the extract began to be effective as an antibacterial against B. cereus at a concentration of 6.25% (p < 0.05). Pearson correlation test showed a significant relationship between the concentration of extract and the growth inhibition zone (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ethanol extract of kaffir lime leaves was effective as an antibacterial against B. cereus in vitro and significant when compared to chloramphenicol.