Caracterização fenotípica da resistência a antimicrobianos e detecção do gene mecA em Staphylococcus spp. coagulase-negativos isolados de amostras animais e humanas

Abstract

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (SCN) make part of the normal microbiota skin and although they have been considered saprophytics for years, nowadays their clinical significance as an etiologic agent has increased. In this study, 72 SCN isolates obtained from external ear canals of dogs, bovine mastitis and human nosocomial infections were evaluated. Staphylococcus xylosus was the most prevalent microorganism in animal samples and S. cohnii subsp. cohnii in human samples. SCN isolates were evaluated in order to establish a phenotypical resistance pattern towards the most indicated antibiotics for staphyloccocal infections. A high level of resistance to penicillin and ampicillin was detected. The most efficient antibiotics evaluated were gentamicin, vancomicin and the association between ampicillin and sulbactam. To certify the heterogeneous resistance pattern, oxacillin resistance was phenotypically detected by a modified-disc-diffusion test, agar screen, broth micro-dilution and agar dilution. The presence of the mecA gene was detected in 5.6% of the SCN isolates by Polimerase Chain Reaction (PCR).