PHYTOCHEMICALS, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Coleus atropurpureus Benth. LEAVES

Abstract

Coleus atropurpureus Benth leaves are traditionally used in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia to treat diabetes mellitus. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolite levels of the ethanol extract of C. atropurpureus leaves, its antioxidant activity, and its effect on blood glucose levels in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Extract phytochemical screening was carried out qualitatively according to standard methods. Quantitative analysis of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. The DPPH method was used to determine antioxidant activity. Diabetic rats were treated with ethanol extract of C. atropurpureus leaves at doses of 150, 200, and 250 mg/kg BW for 28 days, then their blood sugar levels were calculated. The ethanol extract of C. atropurpureus leaves showed antioxidant activity (IC50) 56.96 µg/mL. The 250 mg/kg BW dose group significantly reduced blood glucose levels. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of C. atropurpureus leaves has the potential as a source of antidiabetic.