Modelling of physicians’ clinical information-seeking behaviour in Iran: a grounded theory study

Abstract

Objectives Exploring clinical information‑seeking behaviour (CISB) and its associated factors contributes to its theoretical advancement and offers a valuable framework for addressing physicians’ information needs. This study delved into the dimensions, interactions, strategies and determinants of CISB among physicians at the point of care. Design A grounded theory study was developed based on Strauss and Corbin’s approach. Data were collected by semistructured interviews and then analysed through open, axial and selective coding. Setting The study was conducted at academic centres affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Participants This investigation involved recruiting 21 specialists and subspecialists from the academic centres. Results The findings revealed that physicians’ CISB encompassed multiple dimensions when addressing clinical inquiries. Seven principal themes emerged from the analysis: ‘clinical information needs’, ‘clinical question characteristics’, ‘clinical information resources’, ‘information usability’, ‘factors influencing information seeking’, ‘action/interaction encountering clinical questions’ and ‘consequences of CISB’. The core category identified in this study was ‘focused attention’. Conclusions The theoretical explanation demonstrated that the CISB process was interactive and dynamic. Various stimuli, including causal, contextual and intervening conditions, guide physicians in adopting information‑seeking strategies and focusing on resolving clinical challenges. However, insufficient stimuli may hinder physicians’ engagement in CISB. Understanding CISB helps managers, policy‑makers, clinical librarians and information system designers optimally implement several interventions, such as suitable training methods, reviewing monitoring and evaluating information systems, improving clinical decision support systems, electronic medical records and electronic health records, as well as monitoring and evaluating these systems. Such measures facilitate focused attention on clinical issues and promote CISB among physicians.