Karyotype and idiogram of Indian hog deer (Hyelaphus porcinus) by conventional staining, GTG-, high-resolution and Ag-NOR banding techniques

Abstract

Standardized karyotype and idiogram of Indian hog deer (Hyelaphus porcinus) at Khon Kaen Zoo, Thailand was explored. Blood samples were taken from two male and two female deer. After standard whole blood T-lymphocytes were cultured at 37°C for 72 h in presence of colchicine, metaphase spreads were performed on microscopic slides and air-dried. Conventional staining, GTG-, high-resolution and Ag-NOR banding techniques were applied to stain the chromosome. The results show that the diploid chromosome number of H. porcinus was 2n=68, the fundamental number (NF) was 70 in both males and females. The types of autosomes observed were 6 large telocentric, 18 medium telocentric and 42 small telocentric chromosomes. The X chromosome was large metacentric chromosome and Y chromosome was small submetacentric chromosome. The GTG-banding and high-resolution techniques showed that the numbers of bands and locations in H. porcinus are 239 and 301, respectively, and each chromosome pair could be clearly differentiated. In addition, the subtelomeric q-arm of chromosome pairs 1 and 2 showed clearly observable nucleolar organizer regions (NORs). Our results are the first reports of GTG-, high-resolution and Ag-NOR banding techniques on this species. The karyotype formula of H. porcinus is as follows: 2n(68)=L6t +M18t +S42t +Sex-chromosomes.