Outcomes of epiretinal membrane removal utilizing triamcinolone acetonide visualization and internal limiting membrane forceps

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate epiretinal membrane (ERM) removal utilizing internal limiting membrane (ILM) forceps and visualization with triamcinolone acetonide (TA). Methods: Retrospective interventional case series of eyes undergoing ERM removal with TA visualization with follow-up of up to five years. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and incidence of complications were reviewed. Results: A total of 132 eyes were included with 54 and 16 eyes completing 3-and 5-year follow-up, respectively. Mean BCVA and CMT improved significantly at all postoperative evaluations compared to baseline (p<0.001). Pre-operative presence of PVD did not affect outcome measures. No intraoperative complications were reported. Immediate post-operative complications included one case of sterile endophthalmitis and one case of vitreous and perimacular hemorrhage. At one year, complications included progression of cataract in phakic eyes (65.4%), steroid-induced glaucoma (2.2%), retinal tear (0.8%), recurrent ERM (4.5%), and recurrent macular edema (11.3%). No further complications were reported at three-and five-year follow-up. Conclusion: Combination ILM forceps and TA visualization offers an affordable and safe option for ERM removal with comparable or better outcomes than traditional methods of ERM surgery.