PENGARUH TINGKAT PENGGUNAAN PAKAN PENGUAT TERHADAP PERFORMA INDUK KAMBING BLIGON DI PETERNAK RAKYAT

Abstract

INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat penggunaan pakan penguat untuk perbaikan pakan terhadap performa induk kambing Bligon. Materi yang digunakan adalah 28 ekor induk kambing Bligon umur 1,5-2 tahun dengan rata-rata bobot badan awal 30,25±8,05 kg, pakan hijauan berupa ramban yang biasa digunakan oleh peternak dan pakan penguat. Ternak dikelompokkan kedalam 4 macam perlakuan pemberian pakan. Perlakuan ini meliputi : P1 = pakan kontrol (hijauan yang biasa diberikan peternak); P2 = pakan kontrol + 17% pakan penguat; P3 = pakan kontrol + 35% pakan penguat dan P4 = pakan kontrol + 52% pakan penguat. Penelitian berlangsung selama 8 bulan. Pakan yang diberikan sebanyak 3% dari bobot badan berdasarkan bahan kering dan air minum diberikan secukupnya. Variabel yang diamati adalah konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan harian, feed conversion ratio, dan feed cost per gain. Data dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola searah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbaikan pakan dapat meningkatkan (P<0,05) konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan harian, feed conversion ratio dan feed cost per gain. Rerata pertambahan bobot badan harian induk kambing Bligon antara P1, P2, P3 dan P4 berturut-turut yaitu 30,16; 11,11; 34,92 dan 34,92 g/ekor/hari, feed conversion ratio berturut-turut adalah 8,79; 16,37; 5,53 dan 7,97, feed cost per gain berturut-turut adalah Rp33.903,58; Rp86.691,35; Rp36.908,25 dan Rp47.412,19. Disimpulkan bahwa perbaikan pakan dengan pemberian pakan penguat akan meningkatkan pertambahan bobot badan harian pada aras 35% dan 52%, feed conversion ratio, dan feed cost per gain pada induk kambing Bligon paling efisien masing-masing pada aras 35% dan tanpa pemberian pakan penguat. (Kata kunci: Kambing Bligon, Pakan penguat) ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of concentrate supplement level for feed quality improvement on the performance of Bligon does. Twenty eight of 1.5-2 years old of Bligon does with an average initial body weight of 30.25±8.05 kg, feed supplement and roughages which was regularly offered to the goats, were used in this study. The does were divided into four treatments groups of feed supplementation. Treatment P1 was control, doe was given roughages without concentrate supplementation, treatment P2 was roughages with 17% concentrate supplementation, treatment P3 was roughages with 35% concentrate supplementation and treatment P4 was roughages with 52% concentrate supplementation. The study was conducted for 8 months. Feed was given 3% of body weight on dry matter base, while drinking water was given in sufficient. The data were consisted of feed intakes, average daily gain of does, feed conversion ratio and feed cost per gain. One way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data and continued by Duncans' New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for significant differences. The result showed that improvement of feed increased (P<0.05) feed intake, average daily gain, feed conversion and feed cost per gain of does. The average daily gain of does on P1; P2; P3; and P4 were 30.16; 11.11; 34.92 and 34.92 g/head/day respectivelly, while, feed conversion ratio were 8.79; 16.37; 5.53 and 7.97 respectively, feed cost per gain were Rp33.903,58; Rp86.691,35; Rp36.908,25 and Rp47.412,19. It is concluded that improving feed for does using concentrate supplementation increase the average daily gain on level of 35% and 52% concentrate supplementation, the best of feed conversion ratio and feed cost per gain of Bligon does respectively at the level of 35% and without concentrate supplementation. (