An enhanced renewable energy integration system with improved power system stability

Abstract

The utilization of renewable energy sources for energy transition is gaining significant popularity due to pollution control and other environmental benefits. To move toward green energy generation, the integration of renewable energy sources with the existing conventional grid plays a key role. The performance of a modern interconnected power system, particularly with a high penetration of renewable energy sources, is significantly impacted by power system oscillations. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices are recommended to improve control framework performance, and the power system stabilizer is the customary controller for damping such oscillations. FACTS offer a powerful strategy as they can control transport voltage, transmission line impedance, and power flows. This paper presents an efficient control scheme that combines four FACTS controllers: the static VAR compensator for controlling reactive power in control frameworks, the unified power flow controller for managing active and reactive power flows on transmission lines, the static synchronous compensator for maintaining system voltage stability, and the static synchronous series compensator for controlling transmission line impedance. To address the challenges posed by the variability of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, the ant colony optimization algorithm is employed to optimally tune the controllers’ parameters. By generating controlled voltage and interfacing with the transmission line, these controllers enhance system stability, even under fluctuating renewable energy inputs. The IEEE 30-Bus system was used for simulation and control design, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach in damping inter-area oscillations and improving the stability and resilience of a renewable-energy-integrated power system.