Correlation Between Glycated Haemoglobin (Hba1c) and VO2 Max. In Type-2 Diabetic Subjects in Central India: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background : India leads the World with largest number of Diabetic subjects. Diabetes mellitus is one of the fastest growing chronic disease in world and India the "Diabetes capital of the World" is home to estimated 46 million people and predicted to be 79.4 million by the year 2030. Materials&Methods: VO2max and HbA1c were studied in Total 100 subjects of age group 35-45 years. Study groups comprised of 50 known case of Type-2 diabetic subjects having Diabetes since  3 years whereas control group comprised of 50 healthy normal subjects not involved in any regular physical exercise. VO 2 max evaluated by Astrand-Astrand Nomogram, Glycated Hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) measured by cation-exchange resin Method. Results: The HbA1c was significantly higher in Type 2 Diabetic subjects as compared to controls 10 ± 0.73 gm% vs 8.41 ± 0.745 gm%, p value < 0.001. The VO 2 max was significantly decreased in Type 2 Diabetic subjects as compared to controls 2.824 ± 0.208 vs 2.932 ± 0.213; p value 0.012. There was statistically significant linear inverse correlation between of HbA1c and VO 2 max in Type-2 Diabetic subjects. Conclusions: Low cardio-respiratory fitness exists in Diabetes mellitus subjects which lowers the Exercise performance and increases the morbidity. Long term glycemic status may influences Cardio-respiratory fitness, suggesting poor glycemic control leads to decreased Cardio-respiratory fitness. Better glycemic control improves Exercise performance or Aerobic Work capacity. Further studies are required for establishing the correlation of exercise training & glycemic status in type 2 diabetics and its impact on aerobic fitness (VO2max).