Δ133p53 isoform promotes tumour invasion and metastasis via interleukin-6 activation of JAK-STAT and RhoA-ROCK signaling

Abstract

Δ122p53 mice (a model of Δ133p53 isoform) are tumour-prone, have extensive inflammation and elevated serum IL-6. To investigate the role of IL-6 we crossed Δ122p53 mice with IL-6 null mice. Here we show that loss of IL-6 reduced JAK-STAT signalling, tumour incidence and metastasis. We also show that Δ122p53 activates RhoA-ROCK signalling leading to tumour cell invasion, which is IL-6-dependent and can be reduced by inhibition of JAK-STAT and RhoA-ROCK pathways. Similarly, we show that Δ133p53 activates these pathways, resulting in invasive and migratory phenotypes in colorectal cancer cells. Gene expression analysis of colorectal tumours showed enrichment of GPCR signalling associated with Δ133TP53 mRNA. Patients with elevated Δ133TP53 mRNA levels had a shorter disease-free survival. Our results suggest that Δ133p53 promotes tumour invasion by activation of the JAK-STAT and RhoA-ROCK pathways, and that patients whose tumours have high Δ133TP53 may benefit from therapies targeting these pathways.