Learning and recognizing the places we go

Abstract

Location-enhanced mobile devices are becoming common, but applications built for these devices find themselves suffering a mismatch between the latitude and longitude that location sensors provide and the colloquial place label that applications need. Conveying my locar t;ion to my spouse, for example as (48.13641N, 11.57471E), is less informative than saying "at home." We introduce an algorithm called Beacon-Print that uses WiFi and GSM radio fingerprints collected by someone's personal mobile device to automatically learn the places they go and then detect when they return to those places. BeaconPrint does not automatically assign names or semantics to places. Rather, it provides the technological foundation to support this task. We compare BeaconPrint to three existing algorithms using month-long trace logs from each of three people. Algorithmic results are supplemented with a survey study about the places people go. BeaconPrint is over 90% accurate in learning and recognizing places. Additionally, it improves accuracy in recognizing places visited infrequently or for short durations-a category where previous approaches have fared poorly. BeaconPrint demonstrates 63% accuracy for places someone returns to only once or visits for less than 10 minutes, increasing to 80% accuracy for places visited twice. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005.