Managing Dental Appointments of Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Children

Abstract

iabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that affects carbohydrate metabolism. 1 It is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. 2,3 It also causes disturbance in lipid and protein metabolism. 4-6 People without DM have a considerably lower risk of mortality and longer life expectancy as compared to those with DM. 7 The global DM prevalence was estimated to be 9.3% in 2019 (463 million people). 8 The prevalence is estimated to increase to 10.2% (578 million people) by the year 2030. 8 The prevalence is lower in rural (7.2%) populations than in urban (10.8%) ones, and in low-income populations (4.0%) than the high-income (10.4%) ones. 8 Pakistan is ranked 4th in the world in the list of countries with the highest DM in adults. 9 There are approximately half million children under 15 years of age with Type 1 DM worldwide. 10