Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): critical review from Ayurveda perspective

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema is the fourth leading cause of death and its prevalence has been increasing steadily over the past 20 years. The main reason may be rapid socio-economic development which was resulted in a life style transition from traditional to modern. From Ayurveda point of view, COPD can be termed as, disorder of Pranavaha Srotas, as etiological factors and clinical features described in Ayurvedic classics for Pranavaha Srotodushti are nearly similar with those of COPD and occurs usually in the prolonged conditions of Kasa or Tamaka Shvasa. Risk factor include exposure to air pollution, second-hand smoke and occupational dusts and chemicals, smoking, cold weather etc. which are also mentioned in Ayurvedic classics “Rajasa Dhoomvatabhyam Shitathanambusevanam Rukshanna Vishmashanat”. Identification, reduction, and control of risk factors to prevent the onset of COPD are important steps towards developing strategies for prevention of COPD. References regarding life style modification along with treatment principle & formulations mentioned in Ayurveda like Haritakyadi Modaka, Vyaghri Haritaki Avleha, Pipalyadi Gutika, Agatsya Haritaki Leha etc. can be adopted for the prevention and management of COPD.