Secure Smart Grid Power Monitoring and Simulations Based on Homomorphic Encryption

Abstract

Traditional power grids rely on centralized power generation plants, which, when they fail, can render the entire grid inoperative. A smart grid (SG) is an advanced power grid system involving power generation, transmission, distribution, and user integration. It can be used for automation, informatization, self-inspection, diagnosis, and maintenance. Economic dispatch (ED) is a fundamental aspect of energy management in SGs and can allocate power demand among various generation units in a power plant or microgrid to minimize total generation costs. However, SGs involve numerous interconnected grids and transmit data through cyber-physical systems, and therefore, they are susceptible to cyber-threats that pose risks to the power system. Consequently, this study uses the Paillier cryptosystem to add randomness and ensure nonrepudiation, establishing a secure SG monitoring system is imperative to ensure data security within the grid and address privacy concerns, ensuring SGs can be employed for real-time smart power distribution according to demand.