Electrochemical Properties and the Adsorption of Lithium Ions in the Brine of Lithium-Ion Sieves Prepared from Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries

Abstract

Because used LiFePO4 batteries contain no precious metals, converting the lithium iron phosphate cathode into recycled materials (Li2CO3, Fe, P) provides no economic benefits. Thus, few researchers are willing to recycle them. As a result, environmental sustainability can be achieved if the cathode material of spent lithium-iron phosphate batteries can be directly reused via electrochemical technology. Lithium iron phosphate films were developed in this study through electrophoretic deposition using spent lithium-iron phosphate cathodes as raw materials to serve as lithium-ion sieves. The lithium iron phosphate films were then coated with a layer of polypyrrole (PPy) conductive polymer to improve the electrochemical properties and the lithium-ion adsorption capacity for brine. Cyclic voltammetry, charge/discharge testing, and an AC impedance test were used to determine the electrochemical properties and lithium-ion adsorption capacity of lithium-ion sieves. The findings indicate that lithium iron phosphate films prepared from spent LiFePO4 cathodes have a high potential as a lithium-ion sieve for electro-sorption from brine.