Sustainable Management of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: The Role of Reverse Logistics in the Automotive Sector †

Abstract

In this age of global advancement in technology, environmental sustainability has become increasingly important. Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained popularity due to their lower carbon impact. One of the most important components of an electric vehicle (EV) is its lithium-ion battery. Increased use of lithium-ion battery (LIB) packs has produced a possible concern in the form of excess LIBs unless adequate recycling or remanufacturing procedures are followed. To repurpose previously used LIBs in an eco-friendly and efficient way, it is essential to implement appropriate reverse logistics procedures. This field of research holds significant potential for the future of the automotive sector. In this study, we briefly reviewed spent LIB management, recycling procedures, demographic locations, remanufacturing concerns, transportation costs, deterioration, and regulations in North America. A brief review of the reverse logistics for lithium-ion batteries improves comprehension and paves the way for future research considerations in this evolving field.