Antiplatelet therapy in cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Platelet activation and aggregation are considered to be central to arterial thrombus formation. Antiplatelet therapy is therefore important for both the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Aspirin, the most widely used antiplatelet agent, inhibits platelet cyclo-oxygenase and the conversion or arachidonic acid to the potent platelet agonist thromboxane A 2 but does not prevent platelet activation occurring via various signalling pathways that are independent of thromboxane A2 release. Therefore a number of other compounds have been developed to complement aspirin's beneficial effect. These include the thienopyridines (clopidogrel and ticlopidine), dipyridamole, and the αIIbβ3 (glycoprotein IIb/IIIa) receptor inhibitors.