Analysis of spectral data of the chemical constituents from the leaves of Jasminum grandiflorum L., Achyranthes aspera L. and Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers

Abstract

Jasminum grandiflorum L. (Oleaceae) is used to relieve coughs, depression, dizziness, eye diseases, facial paralysis, general debility, fevers, headache, psoriasis, sciatica, skin diseases and vertigo. Achyranthes aspera L. (Amaranthaceae) is utilized to treat anorexia, ascites, respiratory problems, kidney, brain and skin diseases, cholera, convulsions, diabetes, fistula, hysteria, insect bites, malaria, night blindness, obesity, piles, snake bites, stomach disorders, swellings, tooth aches, tumors and wounds. Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers (Menispermaceae) is effective to alleviate anemia, debility, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, dyspepsia, fevers, jaundice, rheumatism, urinary and skin diseases, scorpion stings and snake bites. The air-dried plant leaves were exhaustively extracted with methanol individually in a Soxhlet apparatus. The concentrated methanol extracts were adsorbed on silica gel for column and chromatographed over silica gel column separately. The columns were eluted with petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol successively to isolate the phytoconstituents. Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of J. grandiflorum afforded glyceryl behenate (2,3-dihydroxypropyl docosanoate, 1), glycerol cerotate (2,3-dihydroxypropyl 1-hexacosanoate, 2), cerotyl O-β-D-diarabinoside (n-hexacosanoyl-O-β-D- arabinopyranosyl-(2→1″)-O-β-D- arabinopyranoside / cerotyl O-β-D-arabinopyranosyl-(2→1)-O-β-D-arabinopyranoside, 3), stearyl-O-α-D-triglucoside (stearyl glucopyranosyl-(6′→1′′)-O-α-D- glucopyranosyl-(6′′→1′′′)-O-α-D-glucopyranoside, 4) and behenyl-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(6’→1″)-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(6’′→1″′)-O-α-D-glucopyranoside, 5). The leaves of A. aspera and T. cordifolia furnished a new diterpenoid ester aromadendr-10(14)-en-15-olyl (E)-ferulate 6) and an aromatic ester phenyl ethyl behenate 7), respectively. The structures of these phytoconstituents have been established on the basis of spectral data analysis and glycosidic and phenolic chemical reactions.