Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis 10 Years After Bone Marrow Transplant in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma

Abstract

Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection that mostly affects immunocompromised patients. Diagnosis is based on the detection of cryptococcal antigen in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum. Antifungal resistance is emerging, making treatment difficult and long. We report a case of cryptococcosis in a patient with multiple myeloma, years after undergoing a bone marrow transplant. Symptoms were mild, and imaging studies were nonspecific. CSF analysis revealed positive cryptococcal antigen. The patient was started on the standard three-phase antifungal therapy and recovered. Copyright © 2020, Stepman et al.