Mental Health Rehabilitation in Gaza: Addressing the Impact of Ongoing War Conflict on Access and Challenges, a Systematic Review

Abstract

Objective The ongoing conflict in Gaza, intensified since October 2023, has critically disrupted mental health services, exacerbating issues such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression among the population. This systematic review aims to identify and assess the challenges faced in mental health rehabilitation during this period. Methods Utilizing the Arksey & O'Malley framework and PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across 6 databases. Studies focusing on barriers to mental health services for Gazan residents were selected, and data were extracted using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) for quality assessment. Results Eight studies were included, revealing significant barriers to accessing mental health services, including extensive damage to health care infrastructure, a shortage of trained professionals, economic hardships, and a pervasive distrust in health care institutions. Conclusions The findings underscore the urgent need for tailored interventions and strategies to enhance access to mental health services and rebuild trust within the community. Addressing these barriers is essential for effective psychological rehabilitation and long-term recovery for the affected population in Gaza.