Chemical Disinfection

Abstract

Summary Chemical biocides are used for various applications due to their ability to inhibit or inactivate microorganisms. In this chapter, these biocides are classified according to their general chemical types, including alcohols, aldehydes, antimicrobial metals, and halogens. For each major chemical group, the major types of biocides used are described, with consideration of their applications, spectra of activity, advantages, disadvantages, and what is known about their modes of action. The mechanisms of action of biocides are further considered in chapter 7, and the specific uses of some chemical biocides in sterilization processes are discussed in chapter 6. Examples of various guidelines and standards that describe the use and testing of chemical disinfectants are given in Table 3.1.