Visual regimes and the politics of war experience: Rewriting war 'from above' in WikiLeaks' 'Collateral Murder'

Abstract

War experiences are a material of political currency, invoked, appropriated, and 'written' in particular configurations to sustain, complicate, and contest narratives about war. This occurs through and within the same relations of power that are intrinsic to the conduct of war as war-experiencing subjects comprise a political vocabulary of selves and others that populate and operate within war's wider social (re)production. To track these power relations and consider implications for how dominant accounts of war can be complicated and contested, the article is grounded in an analysis of the visual regimes at work in footage, photographs, and testimony relating to the shooting of a group of people by an American Apache helicopter in Baghdad, Iraq in 2007. The event was publicised on a dedicated website and dubbed 'Collateral Murder' by WikiLeaks in 2010. Analysis of the website reveals how visual modes and the experiences of war subjects accompany each other, revealing war in contrasting locations of sight and violence: The 'view from above', the 'view from below', and the view of the 'on-The-ground' soldier eyewitness. Taken together these discursively produce 'Collateral Murder' and contest the dominance of war known through the experience of those who wage it 'from above'.