Determination of the antioxidant activity of prasman leaf extracts (Ayapana Triplinervis [VAHL]) and the total flavonoid and phenol contents of the most active extracts

Abstract

Objective: Prasman (Ayapana triplinervis [Vahl]) is a plant that can eliminate free radicals through its antioxidant effects. However, little research has been conducted to explore the antioxidant activity of the plant. Methods: A. triplinervis (Vahl) leaves, which were determined by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Bogor, were used in this study. Meanwhile, extraction was performed using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as the solvents. Based on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and based on ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay using a microplate reader. Results: Based on the DPPH assay using a UV-visible spectrophotometer, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts with a final concentration of 25 ng/mL inhibited DPPH radical production by 38.91, 51.03, and 54.06%, respectively. Using the percent inhibition, the IC50 for the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were 28.71 and 23.472 ng/mL, respectively. Based on FRAP assay using a microplate reader, the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts had ferrous equivalent antioxidant capacity values of 460, 828.99, and 940.22 nmol/g, respectively. The methanol extract had the greatest antioxidant activity. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts at the initial concentrations contained total phenol levels of 12.06 and 42.11 mg GAE/g extract, respectively, as well as total flavonoid levels of 3.24 and 3.41 mg QE/g extract, respectively Conclusion: Based on the determination of phenol and flavonoid levels, the methanol extract had the greatest antioxidant effects.