AKTIVITAS METABOLIT SEKUNDER PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN DARI BAKTERI ENDOFIT ASAL KUNYIT PUTIH (Curcuma zedoaria ROSC)

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria colonize the plant tissue and contribute to the host plant's growth, development, and adaptation. This study aimed to examine the endophytic bacteria diversity associated with white turmeric ( Curcuma zedoaria ) and determine its activity as a plant growth promoter. White turmeric plants were obtained from the Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crop Research Institute (Balittro). The isolation of endophytic bacteria from leaves, a primary and secondary rhizome of white turmeric using Nutrient Agar (NA) medium. Identification of the isolates was conducted based on 16S rDNA. The isolates were tested for their ability as a plant growth promoter and enzyme producer. Based on the morphological characteristic, 21 isolates were obtained from the primary rhizome (47.62%), secondary rhizome (19.05%), and leaves (33.33%), respectively. The sequencing result of 16S rDNA showed that the endophytic bacteria community consisted of four phyla, β-proteobacteria , γ-proteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Firmicutes, which represented eight genera. Five isolates had several activities as a plant growth promoter, while six isolates had several enzymatic activities. Thirteen isolates had both activities, as a plant growth promoter and enzyme producer, while eight isolates only had single action. Endophytic bacteria potential as plant growth promoters can be used for supporting the cultivation of white turmeric plants.