Monoclonal Antibodies and their Applications in Cancer

Abstract

Monoclonal Antibodies, also known as mAbs or mOAbs, are artificial antibodies produced in laboratories. These proteins assist the immune system in recognizing, tagging, and destroying cells in a number of different ways. By tagging antigens as foreign when the body is unable to recognize these cells, they activate the immune system to destroy cells. Monoclonal antibodies are largely preferred over polyclonal antibodies due to their specificity and targeted treatment. This makes them incredibly useful as they can be used to treat any cell-based or pathogen-related disease, including cancer. Monoclonal antibodies can be made to help the body recognize, tag or block receptors of cancerous cells without the side effects of other immunotherapies such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. There are currently many mAb drugs on the market for cancer, that are either murine, chimeric, humanized or human. We can explore current methods of monoclonal antibodies and their applications, as well as possible treatments centered around immunotherapy. IT may be possible for us to continue expanding the market for monoclonal antibodies by changing the conditions under which they work, change their applications, and reduce their production time to make them more accessible to the public.