Path Analysis on the Effect of Hormonal Contraceptive Use on the Risk of Depression in Women of Reproductive Age in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta

Abstract

Background: The choice of contraceptive use is based on regulating birth spacing or those who no longer want offspring. Although hormonal contraceptives have been available for more than 50 years, many do not know that hormonal contraceptives also have psychological effects on hormonal contraceptives and their biological mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the effect of hormonal family planning on symptoms of depression in women of reproductive age in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Subjects and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Gunungkidul, Yogya-karta, from December 2019 to January 2020. A sample of 200 women of reproductive age was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was depression symptoms in women of reproductive age. In contrast, the independent variables were education, age, duration of use, employment status, family income, and hormonal contraceptives. Data were collected using the Beck Depression Inventor II (BDI II) questionnaire and analyzed with path analysis using the Stata 1.3 application. Results: The incidence of depression symptoms in women of reproductive age increased with