Peranan Kelembagaan Peternakan, Sebuah Eksistensi Bukan Hanya Mimpi: Ulasan dengan Metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR)

Abstract

Kelembagaan peternakan memiliki peranan penting terhadap keberlanjutan usaha ternak skala rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas peranan kelembagaan peternakan sapi perah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Data penelitian berasal dari berbagai jurnal nasional terakreditasi Sinta yang mengkaji tentang kelembagaan peternakan sapi perah. Hasil penelitian ditemukan terdapat 12 jurnal nasional terindeks Sinta yang mengulas peranan kelembagaan peternakan sapi perah rakyat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelembagaan peternakan berperan dalam meminimalkan risiko bisnis, berperan dalam upaya pengembangan usaha ternak, dan dapat meningkatkan akses peternak terhadap sumber daya. Manfaat kelembagaan peternakan bagi peternak sapi perah ialah sebagai wadah organisasi peternak yang kreatif dan inovatif, jaminan konsentrat, jaminan kesehatan ternak dan Inseminasi Buatan (IB), serta jaminan kestabilan harga jual susu segar dan pemasaran. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa eksistensi kelembagaan peternakan sebagai wadah usaha ternak sapi perah skala rumah tangga layak untuk diperhatikan. Animal husbandry institutions have an important role in the sustainability of household-scale (smallholder) livestock businesses. This study aims to review the role of dairy farming institutions. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The research data comes from various Sinta accredited national journals that examine dairy farming institutions. The results of the study found that there were 12 Journals of national Sinta indexed that reviewed the institutional role of farmer's dairy farming. The conclusion of this study shows that livestock institutions play a role in minimizing business risk, play a role in efforts to develop livestock business, and can increase farmer access to resources. The benefits of animal husbandry institutions for dairy farmers are as a forum for creative and innovative dairy farmer organizations, concentrate guarantees, livestock health insurance and Artificial Insemination (AI), as well as guarantees for the stability of selling prices of fresh milk and marketing. This study recommends that the existence of livestock institutions as a forum for household-scale (smallholder) dairy cattle business deserves attention.