Effect of mother-in-law's tongue leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata) extract's solvent polarity on anti-diabetic activity through in vitro α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition test

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease caused by elevated blood glucose levels above normal values (hyperglycemia). Natural ingredients that contain hypoglycemic substances, can become an alternative treatment of DM, i.e. mother-in-law's tongue leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata), which is known to contain flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloid, and steroids that have anti-diabetic activity. The goal of this research is to obtain mother-in-law's tongue leaves crude extract which has the highest anti-diabetic activity as an α-glucosidase inhibitor. The result showed that from all solvents used, which is aquadest, 70% ethanol, and 70% ethyl acetate, extracted with 70% ethanol has the highest yield value, which is 12.69%. The percentage of inhibition α-glucosidase was 90.72% at the inhibitor concentration of 4708.71. This shows that the extract with 70% ethanol has the required bioactive compound content to act as the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitor. Based on the identification of compounds found in the sample mother-in-law's tongue leaves extract with 70% ethanol using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), compounds that have anti-diabetic activity is steroids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tocopherol, and flavonoid.