Quantifying climate-driven migration in Khulna, Bangladesh: A multi-faceted analysis of socio-economic dynamics, educational gaps, and policy imperatives amidst escalating displacement trends

Abstract

A mixed-methods strategy is utilized in this study to analyze climate-induced migration in Khulna, Bangladesh. Climate-induced migration displace 7.1 million Bangladeshi migrants in 2022, with a projected increase to 13.3 million by 2050 when social and economic vulnerabilities are driving migration, particularly affecting marginalized groups. In this article, 300 individuals are surveyed in Khulna's urban slums where the results reveal that 52% lack educational qualifications, leading to conflicts and unsustainable wages. Vocational shifts to non-skilled jobs intensify competition. Correlation analysis suggests a marginally positive association (.043) between education and income, emphasizing the impact of education on earnings. Severe climatic events like Cyclones AILA and SIDR drive migration, leaving migrants vulnerable with limited assets, education, and urban infrastructure support. Urgent policy interventions are needed to address these challenges, supporting vulnerable populations, enhancing education, strengthening social networks, and improving urban infrastructure to mitigate climate-induced migration's adverse impacts.